When we talk about learning, most of us imagine classrooms neatly arranged desks, glowing projectors, tidy whiteboards, maybe even a “proper” computer lab. Even in academic discussions, when we speak of “communities of practice,” we often picture structured groups inside institutions, guided by trained educators and supported by plenty of resources.

But step into the narrow gullies of Mumbai or Pune on a sunny afternoon, and you’ll see something that challenges this picture completely.

There are no desks here.
No Wi-Fi routers.
No projectors humming in the background.
Just a handful of children sitting cross-legged on the street, passing around a phone running Pi Jam Foundation’s Code Mitra app, arguing playfully about which block to drag next.

This is a lab without walls, a space where technology meets curiosity, and where learning unfolds not because someone mandated it, but because someone cared enough to ignite it.

And when you watch closely, you realize something profound:

This is exactly what learning sciences have been talking about for decades.
It just looks different because it’s happening outside the structures we’re used to.

In academic literature, Communities of Practice introduced by Lave and Wenger (1991) and later expanded by Wenger (1998, 2000) describe how people learn:

  • not by being instructed,
  • but by participating,
  • gradually taking on more responsibility,
  • and eventually becoming central contributors.

The gullies bring this to life with raw authenticity.

A child comes one day just to watch.
The next week, she tries a puzzle.
Then she explains a loop to her friend.
A month or two later, she’s the one leading the session.

And that’s how it works, those who arrive as learners often grow into mentors who guide the next set of children

No certificate.
No formal training.

Just legitimate peripheral participation happening exactly as Lave & Wenger described.

Except here, it’s infused with jazba, a kind of passion and purpose that doesn’t show up in textbooks but drives the entire ecosystem.

What you see in these sessions illustrates a core idea from learning sciences: Communities of Practice are not created by resources; they emerge from shared purpose.

In the gullies:
Children are not waiting for infrastructure to arrive.
They are not discouraged by the lack of a “proper lab.”
They build a community out of whatever exists streets, stairs, pavements and Pi Jam simply gives them the spark and support to make it thrive.

If a handful of children in a gully can build a thriving learning circle, what could happen if every neighborhood believed it could be a place where knowledge grows?

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5 responses to “A Lab Without Walls: How Pune’s Gullies Are Becoming Hubs of Coding and Community Learning”

  1. Vincent Toscano Avatar
    Vincent Toscano


    This is fabulous work! Much needed to uplift our bottom-of-the-pyramid brethren across India and every struggling country or region. Keep up the great work.

  2. Vincent Toscano Avatar
    Vincent Toscano


    This is fabulous work! Much needed to uplift our bottom-of-the-pyramid brethren across India and every struggling country or region. Keep up the great work.

    1. Ulfa Khwaja Avatar

      Thank you Vincent for the wonderful comment. Its important to identify these spaces and design interventions that can spark curiosity for learning.

  3. kussmaul Avatar
    kussmaul

    Humans are born with jazba – a desire and drive to learn and grow – but too often that passion is dampened and lost through “education”. How we can help many more learners (of any age) to have such experiences, and how can we help teachers / designers / researchers to make such experiences more accessible and effective?

    1. Ulfa Khwaja Avatar

      Thank you for the thought provoking question Prof. Cliff. Yes its time we need to think how can we design such communities of learning that goes beyond classroom and reside in authentic environment. Perhaps a question worth exploring in terms of research.

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I’m Ulfa

Researcher by training, writer by accident, and lifelong learner by choice. I earned my PhD from the Centre for Educational Technology, IIT Bombay, where I spent far too much time enjoying research on learning, collaboration, and all things education.

I love exploring how technology shapes our thinking, how people learn together, and why equity matters wherever learning happens. Mostly, I just love asking questions and following curiosity wherever it leads. If you enjoy ideas that spark, swirl, and sometimes surprise, you’ll feel right at home here.

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